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Update 1/22/2021: Following an executive order by President Joe Biden, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on Jan. 20 extended its ban on evictions until the end of March.
HARRISBURG — Pennsylvania tenants and homeowners missed out on roughly $108 million of $175 million in federal coronavirus relief because state programs distributing the funding made it too hard to access, Spotlight PA has found. The remaining money will be redistributed to the state’s Department of Corrections.
Over the summer, Pennsylvania created two new housing programs to spend money it received under the federal Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act: $150 million for rent relief and $25 million for mortgage help. Thousands of struggling families applied up until an extended Nov. 4 deadline, as coronavirus shutdowns led to layoffs, lost wages, and missed rent and mortgage payments. Local governments and nonprofits administering the funds were inundated with phone calls and emails from people pleading for help with the demanding application processes.
Nonetheless, the deadline to pay out all $175 million was Nov. 30 and roughly $108 million was not used, according to the Pennsylvania Housing Finance Agency, which oversaw both programs and was still finalizing the precise numbers on Friday. The legislature voted in November to redirect any remaining CARES Act funds from these and other programs to the Department of Corrections. The money will go toward payroll expenses for public safety and health-care employees, “or similar employees whose services are substantially dedicated to mitigating or responding to the covid-19 public health emergency.”
“It’s horrible to know that the state did such a poor job of helping people,” said Patty Torres, organizing director at Make the Road Pennsylvania, a Latinx advocacy group.
The $150 million rent relief program was meant to help both landlords and tenants, covering up to six months of rent for those who had fallen behind because of the pandemic. The money was paid directly to landlords, who had to agree to take part.
But the program was hindered by a cap on the assistance each applicant could receive, $750 a month — significantly less than the median rent in some parts of the state. The program also required that landlords forgive any other outstanding rent above that amount. As a result, many refused to participate.
Furthermore, tenants had to prove that they had become unemployed, or lost at least 30% of their income, since March 1. Many struggled to provide the required documentation, including pay stubs, from employers that had shut down or gone out of business.
The Pennsylvania Housing Finance Agency raised these concerns with legislative leaders in July, shortly after the program launched.
But it was not until October that the Republican-controlled House unanimously approved a bill introduced by Rep. Sue Helm (R., Dauphin) that would have made last-minute fixes to the program, simplified the application process, and given Pennsylvanians more time to apply. The bill did not advance in the Senate, where Republicans also hold the majority.
Some requirements were eventually relaxed by Gov. Tom Wolf, allowing landlords and tenants to enter into payment plans for rent outside of the $750 payments.
Then there was a late surge in applications, but not enough time to process them all before Nov. 30, said Bryce Maretzki, director of policy and planning at the Pennsylvania Housing Finance Agency.
“All the counties could probably have continued to get more funds out,” Maretzki said. “The rush at the end in the last 30 days showed that there really is a significant amount of unmet need still.”
Both programs paid out less than half of the funding allocated, underscoring the perils Pennsylvania faced in rapidly creating programs from scratch to distribute $2.6 billion from the CARES Act.
The problem was not a lack of demand for the money.
An estimated 240,000 Pennsylvania families could face eviction in January, unless a federal ban on evictions for nonpayment of rent is extended. Congress is nearing agreement on a $900 billion relief package that would include $25 billion in emergency rent assistance and extend the eviction ban until the end of January. It’s not clear whether that money could come soon enough to stave off what advocates warn could be a surge of eviction cases in the new year.
In November, as the state entered budget negotiations, it still had $1.3 billion in leftover CARES Act money. The remaining money from the mortgage and rent relief programs was originally supposed to go to the 60 counties that didn’t receive direct federal funding as the pandemic struck.
The state must spend all its CARES Act funding by the end of the year.
One reason for the change was concern that counties would not be able to meet that deadline, said Jason Gottesman, a spokesperson for House Republicans.
States are not allowed to use funding from the CARES Act to fill budget holes caused by revenue shortfalls, only for additional spending related to the pandemic.
Guidance from the U.S. Treasury, however, says that states can “presume” that payroll costs for public safety employees “are payments for services substantially dedicated to mitigating or responding to the COVID-19 public health emergency.”
Jared Walczak, vice president of state projects at the nonprofit Tax Foundation, said Pennsylvania’s use of CARES Act funding appears similar to the approach taken by other states.
“If Treasury were to audit and reject these allocations, Pennsylvania could have to return the disputed funds,” he told Spotlight PA. “But from what I see in how Pennsylvania’s spending this, it’s in line with the way a lot of other states are interpreting the Treasury guidance and is unlikely to prompt such a response.”
Even the $150 million allocated for rent relief falls well short of the estimated $958 million in back rent that Pennsylvania tenants will owe come January, according to a study commissioned by the National Council of State Housing Agencies.
“We did as much as we could given what we had to work with,” Maretzki said. “There was far more demand for the money than there was assistance.”
Ed Mahon of Spotlight PA contributed to this report.
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